Jumat, 29 Desember 2006

Thus Spake Zarathustra

Thus Spake Zarathustra

Thus Spake Zarathustra

He's one of the most debated thinkers of the 19th century: Nietzsche and his works have been by turns vilified, lauded, and subjected to numerous contradictory interpretations, and yet he remains a figure of profound import, and his works a necessary component of a well-rounded education. In this essential book, which Nietzsche himself called his "deepest," the philosopher uses ancient mythology and biblical parody to develop his concept of the "superman," the ultimate human triumph over conformity, religion, morality, even civilization itself. Later corrupted out of all recognition by Nazi philosophy, this extraordinary work is, in fact, the basis for 20th-century existentialism and one of the finest examples of modern literature in any language. German psychologist and philosopher FRIEDRICH WILHELM NIETZSCHE (1844-1900) was appointed special professor of classical philology at the University of Basel at the precocious age of 24, but soon found himself dissatisfied with academic life and created an alternative intellectual society for himself among friends including composer Richard Wagner, historian Jakob Burckhardt, and theologian Franz Overbeck. Among his philosophical works are Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Beyond Good and Evil, and Ecce Homo.

ISBN: 1602060320
Author: Friedrich Nietzsche
Publisher: Cosimo Classics
Rating: 4.04

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Jumat, 01 Desember 2006

Leo Strauss and the Politics of Exile: The Making of a Political Philosopher

Leo Strauss and the Politics of Exile: The Making of a Political Philosopher

Leo Strauss and the Politics of Exile: The Making of a Political Philosopher

Born in rural Hesse, Germany, Leo Strauss (1899 1973) became an active Zionist and philosopher during the tumultuous and fractious Weimar Republic. As Eugene R. Sheppard demonstrates in this groundbreaking and engaging book, Strauss gravitated towards such thinkers as Franz Rosenzweig, Martin Heidegger, and Carl Schmitt as he sought to identify and overcome fundamental philosophical, political, and theological crises. The rise of Nazism impelled Strauss as a young Jewish emigre, first in Europe and then in America, to grapple with and accommodate his thought to the pressing challenges of exile. In confronting his own state of exile, Strauss enlisted premodern Jewish thinkers such as Moses Maimonides and Baruch Spinoza who earlier addressed the problem of reconciling their competing loyalties as philosophers and Jews.
This is the first study to frame Strauss s political philosophy around his critique of liberalism and the problem of exile. Sheppard follows Strauss from Europe to the United States, a journey of a conservative Weimar Jew struggling with modern liberalism and the existential and political contours of exile. Strauss sought to resolve the conflicts of a Jew unwilling to surrender loyalty to his ancestral community and equally unwilling to adhere to the strictures of orthodox observance. Strauss saw truth and wisdom as transcending particular religious and national communities, as well as the modern enlightened humanism in which he himself had been nurtured. In his efforts to navigate between the Jewish and the philosophical, the ancient and the modern, Berlin and New York, Strauss developed a distinctively programmatic way of reading and writing between the lines. Sheppard recaptures the complexity and intrigue of this project which has been ignored by those who both reject and claim Strauss s legacy."

ISBN: 158465600X
Author: Eugene Sheppard
Publisher: University Press of New England
Rating: 4.33

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Jumat, 17 November 2006

Freedom and Neurobiology: Reflections on Free Will, Language, and Political Power

Freedom and Neurobiology: Reflections on Free Will, Language, and Political Power

Freedom and Neurobiology: Reflections on Free Will, Language, and Political Power

Our self-conception derives mostly from our own experience. We believe ourselves to be conscious, rational, social, ethical, language-using, political agents who possess free will. Yet we know we exist in a universe that consists of mindless, meaningless, unfree, nonrational, brute physical particles. How can we resolve the conflict between these two visions?

In "Freedom and Neurobiology," the philosopher John Searle discusses the possibility of free will within the context of contemporary neurobiology. He begins by explaining the relationship between human reality and the more fundamental reality as described by physics and chemistry. Then he proposes a neurobiological resolution to the problem by demonstrating how various conceptions of free will have different consequences for the neurobiology of consciousness.

In the second half of the book, Searle applies his theory of social reality to the problem of political power, explaining the role of language in the formation of our political reality. The institutional structures that organize, empower, and regulate our lives-money, property, marriage, government-consist in the assignment and collective acceptance of certain statuses to objects and people. Whether it is the president of the United States, a twenty-dollar bill, or private property, these entities perform functions as determined by their status in our institutional reality. Searle focuses on the political powers that exist within these systems of status functions and the way in which language constitutes them.

Searle argues that consciousness and rationality are crucial to our existence and that they are the result of the biological evolution of our species. He addresses the problem of free will within the context of a neurobiological conception of consciousness and rationality, and he addresses the problem of political power within the context of this analysis.

A clear and concise contribution to the free-will debate and the study of cognition, "Freedom and Neurobiology" is essential reading for students and scholars of the philosophy of mind.

ISBN: 0231137524
Author: John Rogers Searle
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Rating: 3.50

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Minggu, 08 Oktober 2006

Complete Cartoons of the New Yorker

Complete Cartoons of the New Yorker

Complete Cartoons of the New Yorker

The book that Janet Maslin of The New York Times has called "indispensable" and "a transfixing study of American mores and manners that happens to incorporate boundless laughs, too" is finally available in paperback—fully updated and featuring a brand new introduction by Adam Gopnik.

Organized by decade, with commentary by some of the magazine's finest writers, this landmark collection showcases the work of the hundreds of talented artists who have contributed cartoons over the course ofThe New Yorker's eight-two-year history. From the early cartoons of Peter Arno, George Price and Charles Addams to the cutting-edge work of Alex Gregory, Matthew Diffee and Bruce Eric Kaplan (with stops along the way for the genius of Charles Barsotti, Roz Chast, Jack Ziegler, George Booth, and many others), the art collected here forms, as David Remnick puts it in his Foreword, "the longest-running popular comic genre in American life."

Throughout the book, brief overviews of each era's predominant themes—from the Depression and nudity to technology and the Internet, highlight various genres of cartoons and shed light on our pastimes and preoccupations. Brief profiles and mini-portfolios spotlight the work of key cartoonists, including Arno, Chast, Ziegler, and others.

The DVD-ROM included with the book is what really makes the "Complete Cartoons" complete. Compatible with most home computers and easily browsable, the disk contains a mind-boggling 70,363 cartoons, indexed in a variety of ways. Perhaps you'd like to find all the cartoons by your favorite artist. Or maybe you'd like to look up the cartoons that ran the week you were born, or all of the cartoons on a particular subject. Of course, you can always begin at the beginning, February 21, 1925, and experience the unprecedented pleasure of reading through every single cartoon ever published in The New Yorker.

Enjoy this one-of-a-kind protrait of American life over the past eight decades, as captured by the talented pens and singular outlooks of the masters of the cartoonist's art.

ISBN: 1579126200
Author: Robert Mankoff
Publisher: Black Dog & Leventhal
Rating: 4.35

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Selasa, 03 Oktober 2006

The Rejection Collection: Cartoons You Never Saw, and Never Will See, in The New Yorker

The Rejection Collection: Cartoons You Never Saw, and Never Will See, in The New Yorker

The Rejection Collection: Cartoons You Never Saw, and Never Will See, in The New Yorker

Each week about fifty New Yorker cartoonists submit ten ideas, yielding five hundred cartoons for no more than twenty spots in the magazine. Arguably the most brilliant single-panel-gag cartoonists in the world create a bunch of cartoons every week that never see the light of day.

These rejects were piling up in the dusty corners of studios all over the country. Sam Gross, who has been contributing since 1962, has more than 12,000 rejected cartoons. (Seriously. He's been numbering every single cartoon he's ever submitted to The New Yorker since the very beginning.) Enter editor Matthew Diffee. He tapped his fellow cartoonists, asking them to rescue these hilarious lost gems. From the artists' stacks of all-time favorite rejects, Diffee handpicked the standouts -- the cream of the crap -- and created The Rejection Collection, a place where good ideas go when they die. Too risqué, silly, or weird for The New Yorker, the cartoons in this book offer something no other collection has: They have never been seen in print until now.

With a foreword by New Yorker cartoon editor Robert Mankoff that explains the sound judgment, respectability, and scruples not found anywhere in these pages, and handwritten questionnaires that introduce the quirky character of each artist, The Rejection Collection will appeal to fans of The New Yorker...and to anyone with a slightly sick sense of humor.

ISBN: 1416933395
Author: Matthew Diffee
Publisher: Gallery Books
Rating: 3.90

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Kamis, 01 Juni 2006

New Yorker Book of Cartoon Puzzles and Games: 200 Brain Teasers for Puzzlers of All Levels

New Yorker Book of Cartoon Puzzles and Games: 200 Brain Teasers for Puzzlers of All Levels

New Yorker Book of Cartoon Puzzles and Games: 200 Brain Teasers for Puzzlers of All Levels

The millions of New Yorker cartoon fans (and puzzlers, too) will exult in this ingenious, first-ever collection of puzzles and games that feature the magazine’s cartoons as clues.

Designed to offer a challenge to puzzlers of all levels, this collection of 100 crosswords, acrostics, caption scrambles, observation puzzles, and more is absolutely unique—it’s the first-ever puzzle collection to feature New Yorker cartoons. Presented in an extremely user-friendly oversized spiral format, the book provides hours and hours of interactive entertainment— just bring your own pencil and brain power!

The puzzles themselves are ingenious—new and different kinds of brain-teasers that use the cartoons of The New Yorker in a fresh way, encouraging the agile reader to think like a New Yorker cartoonist. The introduction is a conversation between two masters: the cartoon editor of the New Yorker and the puzzle editor of The New York Times, and it sheds fascinating light on the connection between cartoons and puzzles.

ISBN: 1579125530
Author: Will Shortz
Publisher: Black Dog & Leventhal
Rating: 4.17

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Sabtu, 01 April 2006

Profits Before People?: Ethical Standards and the Marketing of Prescription Drugs

Profits Before People?: Ethical Standards and the Marketing of Prescription Drugs

Profits Before People?: Ethical Standards and the Marketing of Prescription Drugs

The pharmaceutical industry has come under intense criticism in recent years. One poll found that 70% of the sample agreed that drug companies put profits ahead of people. Is this perception accurate? Have drug companies traded ethics for profits and placed people at risk?

In Profits before People? Leonard J. Weber exposes pharmaceutical industry practices that have raised ethical concerns. Providing systematic ethical analysis and reflection, he discusses such practices as compensating physicians for serving as speakers or consultants, providing incentives to physicians to enroll patients as subjects in clinical research, and advertising prescription drugs to the public through the mass media. Weber s critique of the industry is stern. While acknowledging that new industry guidelines are promising, he finds much room for improvement in the way drug companies market their products. Yet Weber makes a strong case that profits and ethics can coexist and that they are not mutually exclusive.

In an effort to understand the proper place of commerce in disseminating information about new drugs, the book aims to clarify basic responsibilities and to help identify sound ethical practices. It recognizes that ethics and law are not the same, that "having a right" is different from "doing the right thing," and that taking ethics seriously means recognizing that the law does not answer all questions about what is right. Weber points the way to more demanding standards and better practices that might begin to restore confidence in the drug industry."

ISBN: 0253347483
Author: Leonard J. Weber
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Rating: 4.00

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Black Like Me

Black Like Me

Black Like Me

The Definitive Griffin Estate Edition, Corrected from Original Manuscripts

The author tells of his experiences after he darkened his skin and traveled through the South in order to find out how it feels to be black.

ISBN: 0930324722
Author: John Howard Griffin
Publisher: Wings Press
Rating: 4.11

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The New Yorker Book of Teacher Cartoons

The New Yorker Book of Teacher Cartoons

The New Yorker Book of Teacher Cartoons

School is a mixture of joy, terror, work, excitement, boredom, anxiety, fun, and bedlam day after day, year after year. If this is true for students, it is exponentially true for teachers-those hearty souls who have taken on the education of the youth of the world.This wonderful collection of the best and funniest cartoons published over the last eighty years in "The New Yorker" takes a wry look into the classroom-at the students, at their blindly devoted but demanding parents, and, especially, at the teachers who negotiate the delicate balance between those forces every day.With 118 cartoons, this is a perfect gift for teachers and a treasure of laughs for all!

ISBN: 1576601307
Author: Robert Mankoff
Publisher: Bloomberg Press
Rating: 3.91

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Jumat, 24 Maret 2006

Interface Strategies: Optimal and Costly Computations

Interface Strategies: Optimal and Costly Computations

Interface Strategies: Optimal and Costly Computations

In this monograph Tanya Reinhart discusses strategies enabling the interface of different cognitive systems, which she identifies as the systems of concepts, inference, context, and sound. Her point of departure is Noam Chomsky's hypothesis that language is optimally designed--namely, that in many cases, the bare minimum needed for constructing syntactic derivations is sufficient for the full needs of the interface. Deviations from this principle are viewed as imperfections.The book covers in depth four areas of the interface: quantifier scope, focus, anaphora resolution, and implicatures. The first question in each area is what makes the computational system (CS, syntax) legible to the other systems at the interface--how much of the information needed for the interface is coded already in the CS, and how it is coded. Next Reinhart argues that in each of these areas there are certain aspects of meaning and use that cannot be coded in the CS formal language, on both conceptual and empirical grounds. This residue is governed by interface strategies that can be viewed as repair of imperfections. They require constructing and comparing a reference set of alternative derivations to determine whether a repair operation is indeed the only way to meet the interface requirements.Evidence that reference-set computation applies in these four areas comes from language acquisition. The required computation poses a severe load on working memory. While adults can cope with this load, children, whose working memory is less developed, fail in tasks requiring this computation.

ISBN: 0262681560
Author: Tanya Reinhart
Publisher: MIT Press (MA)
Rating: 5.00

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Rabu, 01 Maret 2006

Called to Participate: Theological, Ritual, and Social Perspectives

Called to Participate: Theological, Ritual, and Social Perspectives

Called to Participate: Theological, Ritual, and Social Perspectives

Called to Participate is the late Mark Searle's last testament on liturgical reform. It draws on the teachings, writings, and international lectures of this noted liturgist and professor. Where do we go from here? Seale asks in response to the liturgical reform of the Second Vatican Council.

Searle offers a historical perspective of the roots of liturgical reform during the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. He describes the nature of liturgy as ritual activity, where the people of God are invited to participate in liturgy as sharing in the life of God. Selected aspects of the liturgy are considered, such as the proclamation of the Word. He also comments on the social character of the liturgy, which is to move beyond the assembly to participate in God's work in an outward or public ministry.

Called to Participate bids us to form a contemporary spirituality that is firmly rooted in the liturgy. It leads worshipers to find entry points into the mystery of God's work in the world. It is a help to liturgical leaders to grasp the nature and function of liturgy and to inspire faith-filled planning, preaching, and catechesis.

Barbara Searle, PhD, is a psychologist at the Madison Center and Hospital in South Bend, Indiana.

Anne Y. Koester is associate director of the Georgetown Center for Liturgy in Washington, D.C.

ISBN: 0814629423
Author: Mark Searle
Publisher: Liturgical Press
Rating: 3.75

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